CAPEC-632: Homograph Attack via Homoglyphs
CAPEC版本: 3.9
更新日期: 2023-01-24
攻击模式描述
An adversary registers a domain name containing a homoglyph, leading the registered domain to appear the same as a trusted domain. A homograph attack leverages the fact that different characters among various character sets look the same to the user. Homograph attacks must generally be combined with other attacks, such as phishing attacks, in order to direct Internet traffic to the adversary-controlled destinations.
执行流程
步骤 1 Explore
[Determine target website] The adversary first determines which website to impersonate, generally one that is trusted and receives a consistent amount of traffic.
- Research popular or high traffic websites.
步骤 2 Experiment
[Impersonate trusted domain] In order to impersonate the trusted domain, the adversary needs to register the URL containing the homoglpyh character(s).
- Register the Homograph domain.
步骤 3 Exploit
[Deceive user into visiting domain] Finally, the adversary needs to deceive a user into visiting the Homograph domain.
- Execute a phishing attack and send a user an e-mail convincing the to click on a link leading the user to the malicious domain.
前提条件
- An adversary requires knowledge of popular or high traffic domains, that could be used to deceive potential targets.
所需技能
后果影响
影响范围: Other
技术影响: Other
说明: Depending on the intention of the adversary, a successful Homograph attack can be leveraged to execute more complex attacks such as cross-site scripting or stealing account credentials.
缓解措施
Authenticate all servers and perform redundant checks when using DNS hostnames.
Utilize browsers that can warn users if URLs contain characters from different character sets.
示例实例
See also: CVE-2012-0584 CVE-2009-0652 CVE-2005-0233 CVE-2005-0234 CVE-2005-0235 CVE-2005-0236 CVE-2005-0237 CVE-2005-0238