CWE-62: UNIX Hard Link
CWE版本: 4.18
更新日期: 2025-09-09
弱点描述
The product, when opening a file or directory, does not sufficiently account for when the name is associated with a hard link to a target that is outside of the intended control sphere. This could allow an attacker to cause the product to operate on unauthorized files.
扩展描述
Failure for a system to check for hard links can result in vulnerability to different types of attacks. For example, an attacker can escalate their privileges if a file used by a privileged program is replaced with a hard link to a sensitive file (e.g. /etc/passwd). When the process opens the file, the attacker can assume the privileges of that process.
常见后果
影响范围: Confidentiality Integrity
技术影响: Read Files or Directories Modify Files or Directories
潜在缓解措施
阶段: Architecture and Design
策略: Separation of Privilege
观察示例
参考: CVE-2001-1494
Hard link attack, file overwrite; interesting because program checks against soft links
参考: CVE-2002-0793
Hard link and possibly symbolic link following vulnerabilities in embedded operating system allow local users to overwrite arbitrary files.
参考: CVE-2003-0578
Server creates hard links and unlinks files as root, which allows local users to gain privileges by deleting and overwriting arbitrary files.
参考: CVE-1999-0783
Operating system allows local users to conduct a denial of service by creating a hard link from a device special file to a file on an NFS file system.
参考: CVE-2004-1603
Web hosting manager follows hard links, which allows local users to read or modify arbitrary files.
参考: CVE-2004-1901
Package listing system allows local users to overwrite arbitrary files via a hard link attack on the lockfiles.
参考: CVE-2005-0342
The Finder in Mac OS X and earlier allows local users to overwrite arbitrary files and gain privileges by creating a hard link from the .DS_Store file to an arbitrary file.
参考: CVE-2005-1111
Hard link race condition
参考: CVE-2021-21272
"Zip Slip" vulnerability in Go-based Open Container Initiative (OCI) registries product allows writing arbitrary files outside intended directory via symbolic links or hard links in a gzipped tarball.
参考: CVE-2003-1366
setuid root tool allows attackers to read secret data by replacing a temp file with a hard link to a sensitive file
引入模式
| 阶段 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| Implementation | - |
适用平台
编程语言
操作系统
分类映射
| 分类名称 | 条目ID | 条目名称 | 映射适配度 |
|---|---|---|---|
| PLOVER | - | UNIX hard link | - |
| CERT C Secure Coding | FIO05-C | Identify files using multiple file attributes | - |
| Software Fault Patterns | SFP18 | Link in resource name resolution | - |