CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
CWE版本: 4.18
更新日期: 2025-09-09
弱点描述
The product uses external input to dynamically construct an XPath expression used to retrieve data from an XML database, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes that input. This allows an attacker to control the structure of the query.
扩展描述
The net effect is that the attacker will have control over the information selected from the XML database and may use that ability to control application flow, modify logic, retrieve unauthorized data, or bypass important checks (e.g. authentication).
常见后果
影响范围: Access Control
技术影响: Bypass Protection Mechanism
说明: Controlling application flow (e.g. bypassing authentication).
影响范围: Confidentiality
技术影响: Read Application Data
说明: The attacker could read restricted XML content.
潜在缓解措施
阶段: Implementation
描述: Use parameterized XPath queries (e.g. using XQuery). This will help ensure separation between data plane and control plane.
阶段: Implementation
描述: Properly validate user input. Reject data where appropriate, filter where appropriate and escape where appropriate. Make sure input that will be used in XPath queries is safe in that context.
检测方法
方法: Automated Static Analysis
Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)
有效性: High
引入模式
| 阶段 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| Implementation | REALIZATION: This weakness is caused during implementation of an architectural security tactic. |
适用平台
编程语言
分类映射
| 分类名称 | 条目ID | 条目名称 | 映射适配度 |
|---|---|---|---|
| WASC | 39 | XPath Injection | - |
| Software Fault Patterns | SFP24 | Tainted input to command | - |