CWE-757: Selection of Less-Secure Algorithm During Negotiation ('Algorithm Downgrade')

Base Incomplete Simple

CWE版本: 4.18

更新日期: 2025-09-09

弱点描述

A protocol or its implementation supports interaction between multiple actors and allows those actors to negotiate which algorithm should be used as a protection mechanism such as encryption or authentication, but it does not select the strongest algorithm that is available to both parties.

扩展描述

When a security mechanism can be forced to downgrade to use a less secure algorithm, this can make it easier for attackers to compromise the product by exploiting weaker algorithm. The victim might not be aware that the less secure algorithm is being used. For example, if an attacker can force a communications channel to use cleartext instead of strongly-encrypted data, then the attacker could read the channel by sniffing, instead of going through extra effort of trying to decrypt the data using brute force techniques.

常见后果

影响范围: Access Control

技术影响: Bypass Protection Mechanism

检测方法

方法: Automated Static Analysis

Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)

有效性: High

观察示例

参考: CVE-2006-4302

Attacker can select an older version of the software to exploit its vulnerabilities.

参考: CVE-2006-4407

Improper prioritization of encryption ciphers during negotiation leads to use of a weaker cipher.

参考: CVE-2005-2969

chain: SSL/TLS implementation disables a verification step (CWE-325) that enables a downgrade attack to a weaker protocol.

参考: CVE-2001-1444

Telnet protocol implementation allows downgrade to weaker authentication and encryption using an Adversary-in-the-Middle AITM attack.

参考: CVE-2002-1646

SSH server implementation allows override of configuration setting to use weaker authentication schemes. This may be a composite with CWE-642.

引入模式

阶段 说明
Architecture and Design COMMISSION: This weakness refers to an incorrect design related to an architectural security tactic.
关键信息

CWE ID: CWE-757

抽象级别: Base

结构: Simple

状态: Incomplete

相关弱点
相关攻击模式
CAPEC-220 CAPEC-606 CAPEC-620