CWE-784: Reliance on Cookies without Validation and Integrity Checking in a Security Decision
CWE版本: 4.18
更新日期: 2025-09-09
弱点描述
The product uses a protection mechanism that relies on the existence or values of a cookie, but it does not properly ensure that the cookie is valid for the associated user.
扩展描述
Attackers can easily modify cookies, within the browser or by implementing the client-side code outside of the browser. Attackers can bypass protection mechanisms such as authorization and authentication by modifying the cookie to contain an expected value.
常见后果
影响范围: Access Control
技术影响: Bypass Protection Mechanism Gain Privileges or Assume Identity
说明: It is dangerous to use cookies to set a user's privileges. The cookie can be manipulated to claim a high level of authorization, or to claim that successful authentication has occurred.
潜在缓解措施
阶段: Architecture and Design
描述: Avoid using cookie data for a security-related decision.
阶段: Implementation
描述: Perform thorough input validation (i.e.: server side validation) on the cookie data if you're going to use it for a security related decision.
阶段: Architecture and Design
描述: Add integrity checks to detect tampering.
阶段: Architecture and Design
描述: Protect critical cookies from replay attacks, since cross-site scripting or other attacks may allow attackers to steal a strongly-encrypted cookie that also passes integrity checks. This mitigation applies to cookies that should only be valid during a single transaction or session. By enforcing timeouts, you may limit the scope of an attack. As part of your integrity check, use an unpredictable, server-side value that is not exposed to the client.
观察示例
参考: CVE-2009-1549
Attacker can bypass authentication by setting a cookie to a specific value.
参考: CVE-2009-1619
Attacker can bypass authentication and gain admin privileges by setting an "admin" cookie to 1.
参考: CVE-2009-0864
Content management system allows admin privileges by setting a "login" cookie to "OK."
参考: CVE-2008-5784
e-dating application allows admin privileges by setting the admin cookie to 1.
参考: CVE-2008-6291
Web-based email list manager allows attackers to gain admin privileges by setting a login cookie to "admin."
引入模式
| 阶段 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| Implementation | - |